The same kilowatt-hour carries a different carbon footprint depending on where it’s generated. Here’s EPA’s average emission rate for each of the 27 U.S. grid regions, so you can see where yours stands.
Listed A to Z by area. Select a column heading to sort by rate. Each figure is EPA’s regional average, not a measurement for any building or utility account.
Choose a state to highlight its grid region in the table.
This state spans more than one EPA grid region. For an exact match, use EPA’s Power Profiler with your zip code.
Last Checked: Oct 11, 2026Data Year: 2023 (eGRID2023, Revision 2)U.S. Average: 771 lb CO2e/MWh
South/Central AlaskaEPA region: ASCC Alaska Grid (AKGD)Average Emission Rate905 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+17%17%Same as U.S.Most of AlaskaEPA region: ASCC Miscellaneous (AKMS)Average Emission Rate522 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+-32%-32%Same as U.S.Southwest USEPA region: WECC Southwest (AZNM)Average Emission Rate706 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+-8%-8%Same as U.S.Southwest Coast/Most of CaliforniaEPA region: WECC California (CAMX)Average Emission Rate430 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+-44%-44%Same as U.S.Most of TexasEPA region: ERCOT All (ERCT)Average Emission Rate737 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+-4%-4%Same as U.S.Most of FloridaEPA region: FRCC All (FRCC)Average Emission Rate785 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+2%2%Same as U.S.Hawaii excluding OahuEPA region: HICC Miscellaneous (HIMS)Average Emission Rate1,133 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+47%47%Same as U.S.Oahu IslandEPA region: HICC Oahu (HIOA)Average Emission Rate1,499 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+94%94%Same as U.S.Eastern WisconsinEPA region: MRO East (MROE)Average Emission Rate1,405 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+82%82%Same as U.S.Upper MidwestEPA region: MRO West (MROW)Average Emission Rate927 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+20%20%Same as U.S.New EnglandEPA region: NPCC New England (NEWE)Average Emission Rate543 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+-30%-30%Same as U.S.Northwest USEPA region: WECC Northwest (NWPP)Average Emission Rate635 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+-18%-18%Same as U.S.New York CityEPA region: NPCC NYC/Westchester (NYCW)Average Emission Rate866 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+12%12%Same as U.S.Long Island, New YorkEPA region: NPCC Long Island (NYLI)Average Emission Rate1,189 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+54%54%Same as U.S.Upstate New YorkEPA region: NPCC Upstate NY (NYUP)Average Emission Rate243 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+-69%-69%Same as U.S.Puerto RicoEPA region: Puerto Rico Miscellaneous (PRMS)Average Emission Rate1,549 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+101%101%Same as U.S.Mid AtlanticEPA region: RFC East (RFCE)Average Emission Rate599 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+-22%-22%Same as U.S.Most of MichiganEPA region: RFC Michigan (RFCM)Average Emission Rate976 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+27%27%Same as U.S.Ohio ValleyEPA region: RFC West (RFCW)Average Emission Rate916 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+19%19%Same as U.S.Colorado-Eastern WyomingEPA region: WECC Rockies (RMPA)Average Emission Rate1,043 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+35%35%Same as U.S.Kansas-Western MissouriEPA region: SPP North (SPNO)Average Emission Rate868 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+13%13%Same as U.S.Texas Panhandle-OklahomaEPA region: SPP South (SPSO)Average Emission Rate876 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+14%14%Same as U.S.Lower Mississippi ValleyEPA region: SERC Mississippi Valley (SRMV)Average Emission Rate742 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+-4%-4%Same as U.S.Middle Mississippi ValleyEPA region: SERC Midwest (SRMW)Average Emission Rate1,249 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+62%62%Same as U.S.Southeast US, Gulf CoastEPA region: SERC South (SRSO)Average Emission Rate846 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+10%10%Same as U.S.Tennessee ValleyEPA region: SERC Tennessee Valley (SRTV)Average Emission Rate903 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+17%17%Same as U.S.Virginia/CarolinasEPA region: SERC Virginia/Carolina (SRVC)Average Emission Rate596 lb/MWhvs. U.S. Average+-23%-23%Same as U.S.
These are EPA’s average emission rates for electricity generated in each eGRID region (lb of CO2-equivalent per MWh, including carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide). They describe how carbon-intensive each region’s grid is. They are not a measure of the emissions any specific project avoids.
EPA divides the U.S. grid into 27 regions that don’t follow state lines. Many states fall in one region; some, such as New York, span more than one. For an exact match, use EPA’s Power Profiler with your zip code.
Rates are measured at the power plant and don’t include transmission and distribution losses.
Source: U.S. EPA eGRID2023 (data year 2023), Revision 2, June 2025. Updated when EPA releases a new edition, typically once a year.
Related
Check Your Commercial Energy Rates
Average commercial electricity prices for every state and the 50 costliest metro areas in the lower 48, from public EIA data.
